Impacts to Anxiety, Depression, and Psycho-Spiritual Metrics after Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy in Palliative Care Patients at the AIMS Institute

Date of Award

2024

Document Type

Project

College/School

College of Nursing

Degree Name

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)

Project Mentor

Therry Rose Eparwa

Readers

Conor Watters

Abstract

There is considerable evidence that palliative care patients disproportionately experience anxiety, depression, and existential distress related to their chronic illnesses. Additionally, conventional therapies tend to be less effective in the treatment of this patient population. As such, research is being conducted into novel therapies. One of the promising therapies currently under active investigation is ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP) which involves a combination of the administration of the dissociative anesthetic ketamine combined with psychotherapy.

Two clinical trials are being conducted at the Advanced Integrative Medical Sciences (AIMS) Institute in Seattle, WA, the purposes of which are to evaluate integrative care for patients with cancer and/or chronic medical conditions. A subset of the clinical trial participants were selected based upon palliative care criteria and their KAP-related data extracted for analysis. The study described herein used that data to assess the efficacy of KAP in ameliorating anxiety, depression, and psycho-spiritual distress experienced by participants as a consequence of their chronic medical conditions.

The results showed that, following an initial KAP session, there were downward shifts in anxiety and depression as indicated by changes in score on the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 survey instruments. These shifts were moderate in size, with a z(27) = -2.75, 90.3% CI = [-6, 0] point shift in the PHQ-9 score and a z(27) = -4.25, 90.3% CI = [-1, -7] point shift in the GAD-7 score, respectively. They were statistically significant at a fixed analysis effects size value of 0.6 with p-values of 0.033 and 0.011. The NIH-HEALS data showed smaller shifts (z(24) = 3.25, 88.6% CI = [-2, 8]) that were not statistically significant at an effects size of 0.6 and p-value of 0.363. Analysis was also conducted to see if participants’ ACES and Resiliency scores were correlated with changes in the aforementioned instrument scores. Correlation was rejected at a statistically significant level for either ACEs or Resiliency scores for any of the survey instruments.

Caution should be used in interpreting these results, as sample sizes were relatively small and there were significant integrative therapy-based covariates that were not addressed in the analysis, thus precluding any attribution of causality to KAP.

Latest Blog Posts

6 Lessons From My Patients, Who Prepared Me for Cancer

6 Lessons From My Patients, Who Prepared Me for Cancer

Mar . 10 . 2026 Kidney Cancer Association This is a guest post by Alena Guggenheim, N.D., Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine at the Oregon Health & Science University’s School of Medicine in Portland, Oregon. Dr. Guggenheim was diagnosed with a malignant sarcoma in late 2024 after discovering a large mass on her kidney. I had been feeling slightly off for a week, a subtle wobble in my vision, a quickening of my heart I couldn’t quite name. Then, one night at 3 a.m., I woke dripping in sweat, with the worst headache of my life. I tried to ...

Read More
Welcoming Dr. Rachel Caplan-Erickson, ND, LAc to AIMS Institute

Welcoming Dr. Rachel Caplan-Erickson, ND, LAc to AIMS Institute

Integrative Primary Care | Root-Cause Medicine | Whole-Person Healing We are honored and delighted to welcome Dr. Rachel Caplan-Erickson, ND, LAc to the AIMS Institute team. With over 14 years of clinical experience, Dr. Rachel brings a deeply integrative, root-cause approach to primary care that bridges modern diagnostics with time-honored healing traditions. Her work embodies what AIMS Institute stands for: comprehensive, compassionate, whole-person medicine. A Truly Integrative Approach to Primary Care Dr. Rachel is a licensed naturopathic physician and acupuncturist who provides comprehensive primary care through a uniquely integrative lens. She combines advanced laboratory testing and modern medical diagnostics with ...

Read More
Ketamine assisted psychotherapy in postpartum mood and anxiety disorders: a limited case series

Ketamine assisted psychotherapy in postpartum mood and anxiety disorders: a limited case series

Alka Christnacht1Therry Rose Eparwa1,2Emily Whinkin2*Sunil Aggarwal2,3 The postpartum period is notorious for rapid and profound changes for birthing individuals and their families. Significant shifts to hormonal and physical health, routines and family roles, and the salience of personal and community risk factors all contribute to potential psychiatric and psychological distress for parents, sometimes diagnosed as a postpartum mood or anxiety disorder (PMAD). Existing pharmacologic treatment modalities for PMADs do not comprehensively address the profound shifts of the postpartum period, often inadequate at reaching peak therapeutic efficacy in a shorter time frame, in patient accessibility, or offering sustained benefit. Ketamine assisted ...

Read More

Accessibility Tools

Increase TextIncrease Text
Decrease TextDecrease Text
GrayscaleGrayscale
Invert Colors
Readable FontReadable Font
Reset
Call Us Text Us